VTAgent: Agentic Keyframe Anchoring for Evidence-Aware Video TextVQA

Video text-based visual question answering (Video TextVQA) aims to answer questions by reasoning over visual textual content appearing in videos. Despite the strong multimodal video understanding capabilities of recent Video-LLMs, their performance on existing Video TextVQA benchmarks remains limited. To better understand this gap, we conduct an upper-bound analysis through frame-wise question answering, counting a sample as correct if any frame yields the right answer, which significantly outperforms direct video-based inference and reveals a substantial performance gap. The results suggest that the primary bottleneck lies in the localization of key question-relevant evidence, rather than in reasoning capacity itself. Building on this insight, we propose a question-guided agent framework that explicitly anchors the relevant keyframes before answering. The approach operates effectively in a training-free setting and consistently surpasses direct video inference. With additional supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), it achieves an average improvement of +12.12 in accuracy and +11.15 in ANLS across benchmarks, establishing new state-of-the-art results. Our study underscores the critical role of explicit keyframe anchoring for advancing Video TextVQA. The code will be publicly released.

ET-SAM: Efficient Point Prompt Prediction in SAM for Unified Scene Text Detection and Layout Analysis

Previous works based on Segment Anything Model (SAM) have achieved promising performance in unified scene text detection and layout analysis. However, the typical reliance on pixel-level text segmentation for sampling thousands of foreground points as prompts leads to unsatisfied inference latency and limited data utilization. To address above issues, we propose ET-SAM, an Efficient framework with two decoders for unified scene Text detection and layout analysis based on SAM. Technically, we customize a lightweight point decoder that produces word heatmaps for achieving a few foreground points, thereby eliminating excessive point prompts and accelerating inference. Without the dependence on pixel-level segmentation, we further design a joint training strategy to leverage existing data with heterogeneous text-level annotations. Specifically, the datasets with multi-level, word-level only, and line-level only annotations are combined in parallel as a unified training set. For these datasets, we introduce three corresponding sets of learnable task prompts in both the point decoder and hierarchical mask decoder to mitigate discrepancies across datasets.Extensive experiments demonstrate that, compared to the previous SAM-based architecture, ET-SAM achieves about 3$\times$ inference acceleration while obtaining competitive performance on HierText, and improves an average of 11.0% F-score on Total-Text, CTW1500, and ICDAR15.

Adapting Segment Anything Model for Power Transmission Corridor Hazard Segmentation

Power transmission corridor hazard segmentation (PTCHS) aims to separate transmission equipment and surrounding hazards from complex background, conveying great significance to maintaining electric power transmission safety. Recently, the Segment Anything Model (SAM) has emerged as a foundational vision model and pushed the boundaries of segmentation tasks. However, SAM struggles to deal with the target objects in complex transmission corridor scenario, especially those with fine structure. In this paper, we propose ELE-SAM, adapting SAM for the PTCHS task. Technically, we develop a Context-Aware Prompt Adapter to achieve better prompt tokens via incorporating global-local features and focusing more on key regions. Subsequently, to tackle the hazard objects with fine structure in complex background, we design a High-Fidelity Mask Decoder by leveraging multi-granularity mask features and then scaling them to a higher resolution. Moreover, to train ELE-SAM and advance this field, we construct the ELE-40K benchmark, the first large-scale and real-world dataset for PTCHS including 44,094 image-mask pairs. Experimental results for ELE-40K demonstrate the superior performance that ELE-SAM outperforms the baseline model with the average 16.8% mIoU and 20.6% mBIoU performance improvement. Moreover, compared with the state-of-the-art method on HQSeg-44K, the average 2.9% mIoU and 3.8% mBIoU absolute improvements further validate the effectiveness of our method on high-quality generic object segmentation. The source code and dataset are available at https://github.com/Hhaizee/ELE-SAM.

GoMatching++: Parameter- and Data-Efficient Arbitrary-Shaped Video Text Spotting and Benchmarking

Video text spotting (VTS) extends image text spotting (ITS) by adding text tracking, significantly increasing task complexity. Despite progress in VTS, existing methods still fall short of the performance seen in ITS. This paper identifies a key limitation in current video text spotters: limited recognition capability, even after extensive end-to-end training. To address this, we propose GoMatching++, a parameter- and data-efficient method that transforms an off-the-shelf image text spotter into a video specialist. The core idea lies in freezing the image text spotter and introducing a lightweight, trainable tracker, which can be optimized efficiently with minimal training data. Our approach includes two key components: (1) a rescoring mechanism to bridge the domain gap between image and video data, and (2) the LST-Matcher, which enhances the frozen image text spotter's ability to handle video text. We explore various architectures for LST-Matcher to ensure efficiency in both parameters and training data. As a result, GoMatching++ sets new performance records on challenging benchmarks such as ICDAR15-video, DSText, and BOVText, while significantly reducing training costs. To address the lack of curved text datasets in VTS, we introduce ArTVideo, a new benchmark featuring over 30% curved text with detailed annotations. We also provide a comprehensive statistical analysis and experimental results for ArTVideo. We believe that GoMatching++ and the ArTVideo benchmark will drive future advancements in video text spotting. The source code, models and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/Hxyz-123/GoMatching.

Reasoning-OCR: Can Large Multimodal Models Solve Complex Logical Reasoning Problems from OCR Cues?

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have become increasingly versatile, accompanied by impressive Optical Character Recognition (OCR) related capabilities. Existing OCR-related benchmarks emphasize evaluating LMMs' abilities of relatively simple visual question answering, visual-text parsing, etc. However, the extent to which LMMs can deal with complex logical reasoning problems based on OCR cues is relatively unexplored. To this end, we introduce the Reasoning-OCR benchmark, which challenges LMMs to solve complex reasoning problems based on the cues that can be extracted from rich visual-text. Reasoning-OCR covers six visual scenarios and encompasses 150 meticulously designed questions categorized into six reasoning challenges. Additionally, Reasoning-OCR minimizes the impact of field-specialized knowledge. Our evaluation offers some insights for proprietary and open-source LMMs in different reasoning challenges, underscoring the urgent to improve the reasoning performance. We hope Reasoning-OCR can inspire and facilitate future research on enhancing complex reasoning ability based on OCR cues. Reasoning-OCR is publicly available at https://github.com/Hxyz-123/ReasoningOCR.

LogicOCR: Do Your Large Multimodal Models Excel at Logical Reasoning on Text-Rich Images?

Recent advances in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have significantly improved their reasoning and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities. However, their performance on complex logical reasoning tasks involving text-rich images remains underexplored. To bridge this gap, we introduce LogicOCR, a benchmark comprising 1,100 multiple-choice questions designed to evaluate LMMs' logical reasoning abilities on text-rich images, while minimizing reliance on domain-specific knowledge (e.g., mathematics). We construct LogicOCR by curating a text corpus from the Chinese National Civil Servant Examination and develop a scalable, automated pipeline to convert it into multimodal samples. First, we design prompt templates to steer GPT-Image-1 to generate images with diverse backgrounds, interleaved text-illustration layouts, and varied fonts, ensuring contextual relevance and visual realism. Then, the generated images are manually verified, with low-quality examples discarded. We evaluate a range of representative open-source and proprietary LMMs under both Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and direct-answer settings. Our multi-dimensional analysis reveals key insights, such as the impact of test-time scaling, input modality differences, and sensitivity to visual-text orientation. Notably, LMMs still lag in multimodal reasoning compared to text-only inputs, indicating that they have not fully bridged visual reading with reasoning. We hope LogicOCR will serve as a valuable resource for advancing multimodal reasoning research. The dataset is available at https://github.com/MiliLab/LogicOCR.

Hi-SAM: Marrying Segment Anything Model for Hierarchical Text Segmentation

The Segment Anything Model (SAM), a profound vision foundation model pre-trained on a large-scale dataset, breaks the boundaries of general segmentation and sparks various downstream applications. This paper introduces Hi-SAM, a unified model leveraging SAM for hierarchical text segmentation. Hi-SAM excels in text segmentation across four hierarchies, including stroke, word, text-line, and paragraph, while realizing layout analysis as well. Specifically, we first turn SAM into a high-quality text stroke segmentation (TSS) model through a parameter-efficient fine-tuning approach. We use this TSS model to iteratively generate the text stroke labels in a semi-automatical manner, unifying labels across the four text hierarchies in the HierText dataset. Subsequently, with these complete labels, we launch the end-to-end trainable Hi-SAM based on the TSS architecture with a customized hierarchical mask decoder. During inference, Hi-SAM offers both automatic mask generation (AMG) mode and promptable segmentation mode. In terms of the AMG mode, Hi-SAM segments text stroke foreground masks initially, then samples foreground points for hierarchical text mask generation and achieves layout analysis in passing. As for the promptable mode, Hi-SAM provides word, text-line, and paragraph masks with a single point click. Experimental results show the state-of-the-art performance of our TSS model: 84.86% fgIOU on Total-Text and 88.96% fgIOU on TextSeg for text stroke segmentation. Moreover, compared to the previous specialist for joint hierarchical detection and layout analysis on HierText, Hi-SAM achieves significant improvements: 4.73% PQ and 5.39% F1 on the text-line level, 5.49% PQ and 7.39% F1 on the paragraph level layout analysis, requiring 20x fewer training epochs. The code is available at https://github.com/ymy-k/Hi-SAM.

GoMatching: A Simple Baseline for Video Text Spotting via Long and Short Term Matching

Beyond the text detection and recognition tasks in image text spotting, video text spotting presents an augmented challenge with the inclusion of tracking. While advanced end-to-end trainable methods have shown commendable performance, the pursuit of multi-task optimization may pose the risk of producing sub-optimal outcomes for individual tasks. In this paper, we highlight a main bottleneck in the state-of-the-art video text spotter: the limited recognition capability. In response to this issue, we propose to efficiently turn an off-the-shelf query-based image text spotter into a specialist on video and present a simple baseline termed GoMatching, which focuses the training efforts on tracking while maintaining strong recognition performance. To adapt the image text spotter to video datasets, we add a rescoring head to rescore each detected instance's confidence via efficient tuning, leading to a better tracking candidate pool. Additionally, we design a long-short term matching module, termed LST-Matcher, to enhance the spotter's tracking capability by integrating both long- and short-term matching results via Transformer. Based on the above simple designs, GoMatching achieves impressive performance on two public benchmarks, e.g., setting a new record on the ICDAR15-video dataset, and one novel test set with arbitrary-shaped text, while saving considerable training budgets. The code will be released at https://github.com/Hxyz-123/GoMatching.

DeepSolo++: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spotting

End-to-end text spotting aims to integrate scene text detection and recognition into a unified framework. Dealing with the relationship between the two sub-tasks plays a pivotal role in designing effective spotters. Although Transformer-based methods eliminate the heuristic post-processing, they still suffer from the synergy issue between the sub-tasks and low training efficiency. In this paper, we present DeepSolo, a simple DETR-like baseline that lets a single decoder with explicit points solo for text detection and recognition simultaneously and efficiently. Technically, for each text instance, we represent the character sequence as ordered points and model them with learnable explicit point queries. After passing a single decoder, the point queries have encoded requisite text semantics and locations. Furthermore, we show the surprisingly good extensibility of our method, in terms of character class, language type, and task. On the one hand, DeepSolo not only performs well in English scenes but also masters the Chinese transcription with complex font structure and a thousand-level character classes. On the other hand, based on the extensibility of DeepSolo, we launch DeepSolo++ for multilingual text spotting, making a further step to let Transformer decoder with explicit points solo for multilingual text detection, recognition, and script identification all at once. Extensive experiments on public benchmarks demonstrate that our simple approach achieves better training efficiency compared with Transformer-based models and outperforms the previous state-of-the-art. In addition, DeepSolo and DeepSolo++ are also compatible with line annotations, which require much less annotation cost than polygons. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/ViTAE-Transformer/DeepSolo}.

DeepSolo: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spotting

End-to-end text spotting aims to integrate scene text detection and recognition into a unified framework. Dealing with the relationship between the two sub-tasks plays a pivotal role in designing effective spotters. Although transformer-based methods eliminate the heuristic post-processing, they still suffer from the synergy issue between the sub-tasks and low training efficiency. In this paper, we present DeepSolo, a simple detection transformer baseline that lets a single Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for text detection and recognition simultaneously. Technically, for each text instance, we represent the character sequence as ordered points and model them with learnable explicit point queries. After passing a single decoder, the point queries have encoded requisite text semantics and locations and thus can be further decoded to the center line, boundary, script, and confidence of text via very simple prediction heads in parallel, solving the sub-tasks in text spotting in a unified framework. Besides, we also introduce a text-matching criterion to deliver more accurate supervisory signals, thus enabling more efficient training. Quantitative experiments on public benchmarks demonstrate that DeepSolo outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods and achieves better training efficiency. In addition, DeepSolo is also compatible with line annotations, which require much less annotation cost than polygons. The code will be released.